Bharat Devotion
Embroidered artwork for Atta Vagga: The Self (Verses 157–166): Embroidered Buddha seated in meditation on a pink lotus, with a golden dharma wheel and a white stupa in the mountains

Atta Vagga

The Self (Verses 157–166)

The Dhammapada's Atta Vagga (verses 157–166) teaches that one is one's own protector—spiritual effort and self-mastery cannot be borrowed from another.

GathasTheravadaBuddha

Verses

Attanance piyam janna, rakkheyya nam surakkhitam; Tinnam annataram yamam, patijaggeyya pandito.

Verse 1

Attanam eva pathamum, patirupe nivesaye; Athannamanusaseyya, na kilisseyya pandito.

Verse 2

Attanance tatha kayira, yathannamanusasati; Sudanto vata dametha, atta hi kira duddamo.

Verse 3

Atta hi attano natho, ko hi natho paro siya; Attana hi sudantena, natham labhati dullabham.

Verse 4

Attana va katam papam, attajam attasambhavam; Abhimatthati dummedham, vajiram vasmamayam manim.

Verse 5

Yassa accantadussilyam, maluva salam ivotatam; Karoti so tathattanam, yatha nam icchati diso.

Verse 6

Sukarani asadhuni, attano ahitani ca; Yam ve hitanca sadhunca, tam ve paramadukkaram.

Verse 7

Yo sasanam arahatam, ariyanam dhammajivinam; Patikkosati dummedho, ditthim nissaya papikam; Phalani katthakasseva, attaghataya phallati.

Verse 8

Attana va katam papam, attana samkilissati; Attana akatam papam, attana va visujjhati; Suddhi asuddhi paccattam, nanno annam visodhaye.

Verse 9

Attadattham paratthena, bahunapi na hapaye; Attadattham abhinnaya, sadatthapasuto siya.

Verse 10

Background

This chapter belongs to the Pali Dhammapada (Khuddaka Nikaya, Pali Canon), Atta Vagga, verses 157–166. Spoken at Jetavana in Sāvatthi, the Atta Vagga addresses monastics and householders tempted to either project their spiritual failures onto others or neglect their own meditation while excessively advising others. The Atthakathā commentary records the famous episode of Venerable Attadattha who, hearing that the Buddha was soon to attain Parinibbāna, resolved to attain Arahantship first rather than weeping in crowds (Verse 166), and the case of Devadatta whose deep malice brought about his own destruction like a fruiting bamboo (Verse 164).

About this Text

Composed by: Gautama Buddha · Founder of Buddhism · c. 5th–6th century BCE, Northern India/Nepal

Born Siddhartha Gautama in Lumbini, he attained enlightenment and spent the rest of his life teaching the Dhamma across northern India. His discourses (Suttas), preserved orally for generations before being written down in the Pali Canon, form the doctrinal foundation of Buddhism.

Did You Know?

One is One's Own Protector (Verse 160)

'Attā hi attano nātho, ko hi nātho paro siyā'—One is truly one's own refuge and protector; for what other external protector could there be? With oneself thoroughly tamed, one attains a refuge very hard to find.

Practice Before Preaching (Verses 158–159)

Let a person first firmly establish oneself in what is wholesome and right; only then should one instruct others. If one acts exactly as one instructs others, then being thoroughly tamed oneself, one can guide others.

The Diamond Crushing the Stone (Verse 161)

The evil committed by oneself, born of oneself and produced from one's own mind, grinds the foolish evildoer just as a hard diamond cuts and shatters a lesser gem.

Individual Purity and Defilement (Verse 165)

By oneself alone is evil done, and by oneself is one defiled; by oneself is evil avoided, and by oneself is one purified. Purity and impurity depend entirely upon oneself; no one can purify another.

Do Not Neglect Your True Welfare (Verse 166)

Even for the sake of great service to others, one should never neglect one's own core spiritual awakening (attadattha). Having clearly realized one's highest good, let one be resolutely intent upon that goal.