Bharat Devotion
Embroidered artwork for Bhikkhu Vagga: The Monk (Verses 360–382): Embroidered Buddha seated in meditation on a pink lotus, with a golden dharma wheel and a white stupa in the mountains

Bhikkhu Vagga

The Monk (Verses 360–382)

The Dhammapada's Bhikkhu Vagga (verses 360–382) describes the monastic ideal: sensory restraint, meditation, and self-reliance toward Nibbāna.

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Verses

360. Cakkhunā samvaro sādhu, sādhu sotena samvaro. Ghānena samvaro sādhu, sādhu jivhāya samvaro.

Verse 1

361. Kāyena samvaro sādhu, sādhu vācāya samvaro. Manasā samvaro sādhu, sādhu sabbattha samvaro. Sabbattha samvuto bhikkhu, sabba-dukkhā pamuccati.

Verse 2

362. Hatthasam-yato pādasam-yato, vācāsam-yato samyat'uttamo. Ajjhatta-rato samāhito, eko santusito tam-āhu bhikkhum.

Verse 3

363. Yo mukhasam-yato bhikkhu, manta-bhānī anuddhato. Attham dhamman-ca dīpeti, madhuram tassa bhāsitam.

Verse 4

364. Dhammārāmo dhamma-rato, dhammam anuvicintayam. Dhammam anussaram bhikkhu, saddhammā na parihāyati.

Verse 5

365. Salābham nātimaññeyya, n-āññesam pihayam care. Aññesam pihayam bhikkhu, samādhim n-ādhigacchati.

Verse 6

366. Appa-lābho'pi ce bhikkhu, salābham nātimaññati. Tam ve devā pasamsanti, suddh'ājīvim atanditam.

Verse 7

367. Sabbaso nāmarūpasmim, yassa n-atthi mamāyitam. Asatā ca na socati, sa ve bhikkhū'ti vuccati.

Verse 8

368. Mettā-vihārī yo bhikkhu, pasanno buddha-sāsane. Adhigacche padam santam, sankhār'ūpasamam sukham.

Verse 9

369. Siñca bhikkhu imam nāvam, sittā te lahum-essati. Chetvā rāgañ-ca dosañ-ca, tato nibbānam-ehisi.

Verse 10

370. Pañca chinde pañca jahe, pañca c'uttari bhāvaye. Pañca-sangātigo bhikkhu, ogho-tinno'ti vuccati.

Verse 11

371. Jhāya bhikkhu mā ca pāmado, mā te kāma-gune ramessu cittam. Mā loha-gulam gilī pamatto, mā kandi 'dukkham-idan' ti dayhamāno.

Verse 12

372. N-atthi jhānam apaññassa, paññā n-atthi ajhāyato. Yamhi jhānan-ca paññā ca, sa ve nibbāna-santike.

Verse 13

373. Suññāgāram pavitthassa, santa-cittassa bhikkhuno. Amānusī rati hoti, sammā dhammam vipassato.

Verse 14

374. Yato yato sammasati, khandhānam udaya-bbayam. Labhatī pīti-pāmojjam, amatam tam vijānatam.

Verse 15

375. Tatr'āyam-ādi bhavati, idha paññassa bhikkhuno. Indriya-gutti santutthī, pātimokkhe ca samvaro.

Verse 16

376. Mitte bhajassu kalyāne, suddh'ājīve atandite. Patissanthāra-vuty-assa, ācāra-kusalo siyā. Tato pāmojja-bahulo, dukkhass'antam karissati.

Verse 17

377. Vassikā viya pupphāni, maddavāni pamuñcati. Evam rāgañ-ca dosañ-ca, vippamuñcetha bhikkhavo.

Verse 18

378. Santa-kāyo santa-vāco, santavā su-samāhito. Vanta-lok'āmiso bhikkhu, upasanto'ti vuccati.

Verse 19

379. Attanā coday'attānam, patimāsett'am-attanā. So attagutto satimā, sukham bhikkhu vihāhisi.

Verse 20

380. Attā hi attano nātho, ko hi nātho paro siyā. Attā hi attano gati, tasmā samyamam-attānam, assam bhadram-va vānijo.

Verse 21

381. Pāmojja-bahulo bhikkhu, pasanno buddha-sāsane. Adhigacche padam santam, sankhār'ūpasamam sukham.

Verse 22

382. Yo have daharo bhikkhu, yuñjati buddha-sāsane. So imam lokam pabhāseti, abbhā mutto-va candimā.

Verse 23

Background

This chapter belongs to the Pali Dhammapada (Khuddaka Nikaya, Pali Canon), Bhikkhu Vagga, verses 360–382. Delivered in Jetavana at Sāvatthi, these verses arose during numerous monastic encounters where the Buddha corrected behavioral lapses, praised virtuous practitioners, and outlined contemplative routines. Verses 360–361 were delivered to five monks who each specialized in guarding only one sense door until the Buddha taught them all-round restraint. Verse 368 was spoken regarding a monk who dwelt continuously in loving-kindness (mettā). Verse 372 was addressed to five hundred meditating monks in Jetavana. Verse 382 celebrated the radiant arahantship of the seven-year-old novice monk Sumana who enlightened the monastery like the full moon emerging from behind dark clouds.

About this Text

Composed by: Gautama Buddha · Founder of Buddhism · c. 5th–6th century BCE, Northern India/Nepal

Born Siddhartha Gautama in Lumbini, he attained enlightenment and spent the rest of his life teaching the Dhamma across northern India. His discourses (Suttas), preserved orally for generations before being written down in the Pali Canon, form the doctrinal foundation of Buddhism.

Did You Know?

Sevenfold Sensory Restraint (Verses 360–361)

Good is restraint of the eye; good is restraint of the ear; good is restraint of the nose; good is restraint of the tongue; good is restraint of body, speech, and mind. Restrained everywhere, the monk is released from all suffering.

Bail Out the Boat (Verse 369)

Bail out this boat, O monk! Emptied of water, it will sail swiftly toward the goal. Having severed passion and hatred, you will reach Nibbāna.

The Union of Meditation and Wisdom (Verse 372)

There is no meditative concentration (jhāna) for one devoid of wisdom, and there is no wisdom (paññā) for one who does not meditate. He in whom both jhāna and paññā abide is right at the doorstep of Nibbāna.

Self is One's Own Protector (Verse 380)

Oneself indeed is one's own master and protector; for what external protector could there be? Oneself is one's own refuge; therefore train and discipline yourself, as a merchant trains a thoroughbred steed.

The Radiance of Youthful Diligence (Verse 382)

Truly, the young monk who devotes himself to the teaching of the Buddha illuminates this entire world, like the full moon freed from a dense bank of clouds.