Bharat Devotion
Embroidered artwork for 法句經·垢穢品: Embroidered Buddha seated in meditation on a pink lotus, with a golden dharma wheel and a white stupa in the mountains

法句經·垢穢品

《法句經》的垢穢品(詩句235–255)考察精神上的污穢和不淨,將無明(不知道)命名為需要淨化的最深的污染。

偈頌上座部佛陀

經詩內容

235. Paṇḍupalāsova dānisi, yamapurisāpi ca taṃ upaṭṭhitā. Uyyogamukhe ca tiṭṭhasi, pātheyyampi ca te na vijjati.

第節 1

236. So karohi dīpamattano, khippaṃ vāyama paṇḍito bhava. Niddhantamalo anaṅgaṇo, dibbaṃ ariyabhūmiṃ upehisi.

第節 2

237. Upanītavayo ca dānisi, sampayātosi yamassa santike. Vāso te natthi antarā, pātheyyampi ca te na vijjati.

第節 3

238. So karohi dīpamattano, khippaṃ vāyama paṇḍito bhava. Niddhantamalo anaṅgaṇo, na punaṃ jātijaraṃ upehisi.

第節 4

239. Anupubbena medhāvī, thokaṃ thokaṃ khaṇe khaṇe. Kammāro rajatasseva, niddhame malamattano.

第節 5

240. Ayasāva malaṃ samuṭṭhitaṃ, taduṭṭhāya tameva khādati. Evaṃ atidhonacārinaṃ, sāni kammāni nayanti duggatiṃ.

第節 6

241. Asajjhāyamalā mantā, anuṭṭhānamalā gharā. Malaṃ vaṇṇassa kosajjaṃ, pamādo rakkhato malaṃ.

第節 7

242. Malitthiyā duccaritaṃ, maccheraṃ dadato malaṃ. Malā ve pāpakā dhammā, asmiṃ loke paramhi ca.

第節 8

243. Tato malā malataraṃ, avijjā paramaṃ malaṃ. Etaṃ malaṃ pahantvāna, nimmalā hotha bhikkhavo.

第節 9

244. Sujīvaṃ ahirikena, kākasūrena dhaṃsinā. Pakkhandinā pagabbhena, saṅkiliṭṭhena jīvitaṃ.

第節 10

245. Hirīmatā ca dujjīvaṃ, niccaṃ sucigavesinā. Alīnenāppagabbhena, suddhājīvena passatā.

第節 11

246. Yo pāṇamatipāteti, musāvādañca bhāsati. Loke adinnaṃ ādiyati, paradārañca gacchati.

第節 12

247. Surāmerayapānañca, yo naro anuyuñjati. Idhevameso lokasmiṃ, mūlaṃ khaṇati attano.

第節 13

248. Evaṃ bho purisa jānāhi, pāpadhammā asaññatā. Mā taṃ lobho adhammo ca, ciraṃ dukkhāya randhayuṃ.

第節 14

249. Dadāti ve yathāsaddhaṃ, yathāpasādanaṃ jano. Tattha yo maṅku bhavati, paresaṃ pānabhojane. Na so divā vā rattiṃ vā, samādhiṃ adhigacchati.

第節 15

250. Yassa cetaṃ samucchinnaṃ, mūlaghaccaṃ samūhataṃ. Sa ve divā vā rattiṃ vā, samādhiṃ adhigacchati.

第節 16

251. Natthi rāgasamo aggi, natthi dosasamo gaho. Natthi mohasamaṃ jālaṃ, natthi taṇhāsamā nadī.

第節 17

252. Sudassaṃ vajjamaññesaṃ, attano pana duddasaṃ. Paresaṃ hi so vajjāni, opunāti yathābhusaṃ. Attano pana chādeti, kaliṃva kitavā saṭho.

第節 18

253. Paravajjānupassissa, niccaṃ ujjhānasaññino. Āsavā tassa vaḍḍhanti, ārā so āsavakkhayā.

第節 19

254. Ākāse padaṃ natthi, samaṇo natthi bāhire. Papañcābhiratā pajā, nippapañcā tathāgatā.

第節 20

255. Ākāse padaṃ natthi, samaṇo natthi bāhire. Saṅkhārā sassatā natthi, natthi buddhānamīñjitaṃ.

第節 21

背景介紹

本章屬於巴利《法句經》(小部,巴利三藏)〈垢品〉,第235–255偈。這些偈頌宣說於舍衛城的祇園精舍與王舍城的竹林精舍,對象包括比丘、屠夫與居士,他們直到年老仍忽視對道德的覺察。第235–238偈是對一位年邁的屠夫所說,他一生未為來世累積善資糧,直到生命最後時刻。第240偈是為一位比丘而說,他對自己的新袈裟生起執著,命終後投生為袈裟邊緣的一隻蟲。第246–248偈有系統地警示違犯五戒(Pañcasīla)的後果,宣示破戒者在今生當下就是在掘斷自己的善根。

關於此經文

作者: Gautama Buddha · Founder of Buddhism · c. 5th–6th century BCE, Northern India/Nepal

Born Siddhartha Gautama in Lumbini, he attained enlightenment and spent the rest of his life teaching the Dhamma across northern India. His discourses (Suttas), preserved orally for generations before being written down in the Pali Canon, form the doctrinal foundation of Buddhism.

您知道嗎?

枯葉(詩句235–238)

你就像一片枯黃的樹葉,即將墜落;死亡的使者就在你面前。你站在離別的門檻上,卻沒有為你的旅程做任何準備。為你自己創造一個避難所,迅速努力,變得聰慧吧!

逐步淨化(詩句239)

聰慧的人一點點地、瞬間瞬間地淨化自己的不淨,就如同熟練的工匠吹去精煉銀子上的雜質一樣。

自我毀滅的銹蝕(詩句240)

如同從鐵中產生的銹蝕吞噬產生它的那種鐵,魯莽的違背者自己的行為直接導他走向痛苦。

最高的污穢(詩句243)

比所有世俗污穢更糟的是無明(不知道)。無明是最高的污染;舍棄它吧,哦眾僧,變得無污穢!

尋找他人的過錯(詩句252–253)

他人的過錯容易看到,但自己的很難察覺。經常審視他人缺陷的人只會增加自己的精神污穢(煩惱)。