Bharat Devotion
Embroidered artwork for 法句經·比丘品(第360–382偈): Embroidered Buddha seated in meditation on a pink lotus, with a golden dharma wheel and a white stupa in the mountains

法句經·比丘品(第360–382偈)

《法句經》比丘品(第360–382偈)闡述僧侶的理想:感官的節制、禪定與自我依靠,以達涅槃。

偈頌上座部佛陀

經詩內容

360. Cakkhunā saṃvaro sādhu, sādhu sotena saṃvaro. Ghānena saṃvaro sādhu, sādhu jivhāya saṃvaro.

第節 1

361. Kāyena saṃvaro sādhu, sādhu vācāya saṃvaro. Manasā saṃvaro sādhu, sādhu sabbattha saṃvaro. Sabbattha saṃvuto bhikkhu, sabbadukkhā pamuccati.

第節 2

362. Hatthasaṃyato pādasaṃyato, vācāsaṃyato saṃyatuttamo. Ajjhattarato samāhito, eko santusito tamāhu bhikkhuṃ.

第節 3

363. Yo mukhasaṃyato bhikkhu, mantabhāṇī anuddhato. Atthaṃ dhammañca dīpeti, madhuraṃ tassa bhāsitaṃ.

第節 4

364. Dhammārāmo dhammarato, dhammaṃ anuvicintayaṃ. Dhammaṃ anussaraṃ bhikkhu, saddhammā na parihāyati.

第節 5

365. Salābhaṃ nātimaññeyya, nāññesaṃ pihayaṃ care. Aññesaṃ pihayaṃ bhikkhu, samādhiṃ nādhigacchati.

第節 6

366. Appalābhopi ce bhikkhu, salābhaṃ nātimaññati. Taṃ ve devā pasaṃsanti, suddhājīviṃ atanditaṃ.

第節 7

367. Sabbaso nāmarūpasmiṃ, yassa natthi mamāyitaṃ. Asatā ca na socati, sa ve bhikkhūti vuccati.

第節 8

368. Mettāvihārī yo bhikkhu, pasanno buddhasāsane. Adhigacche padaṃ santaṃ, saṅkhārūpasamaṃ sukhaṃ.

第節 9

369. Siñca bhikkhu imaṃ nāvaṃ, sittā te lahumessati. Chetvā rāgañca dosañca, tato nibbānamehisi.

第節 10

370. Pañca chinde pañca jahe, pañca cuttari bhāvaye. Pañcasaṅgātigo bhikkhu, oghotiṇṇoti vuccati.

第節 11

371. Jhāya bhikkhu mā ca pāmado, mā te kāmaguṇe ramessu cittaṃ. Mā lohaguḷaṃ gilī pamatto, mā kandi "dukkhamidan"ti ḍayhamāno.

第節 12

372. Natthi jhānaṃ apaññassa, paññā natthi ajhāyato. Yamhi jhānañca paññā ca, sa ve nibbānasantike.

第節 13

373. Suññāgāraṃ paviṭṭhassa, santacittassa bhikkhuno. Amānusī rati hoti, sammā dhammaṃ vipassato.

第節 14

374. Yato yato sammasati, khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ. Labhatī pītipāmojjaṃ, amataṃ taṃ vijānataṃ.

第節 15

375. Tatrāyamādi bhavati, idha paññassa bhikkhuno. Indriyagutti santuṭṭhī, pātimokkhe ca saṃvaro.

第節 16

376. Mitte bhajassu kalyāṇe, suddhājīve atandite. Paṭisanthāravutyassa, ācārakusalo siyā. Tato pāmojjabahulo, dukkhassantaṃ karissati.

第節 17

377. Vassikā viya pupphāni, maddavāni pamuñcati. Evaṃ rāgañca dosañca, vippamuñcetha bhikkhavo.

第節 18

378. Santakāyo santavāco, santavā susamāhito. Vantalokāmiso bhikkhu, upasanto'ti vuccati.

第節 19

379. Attanā codayattānaṃ, paṭimāsettamattanā. So attagutto satimā, sukhaṃ bhikkhu vihāhisi.

第節 20

380. Attā hi attano nātho, ko hi nātho paro siyā. Attā hi attano gati, tasmā saṃyamamattānaṃ, assaṃ bhadraṃva vāṇijo.

第節 21

381. Pāmojjabahulo bhikkhu, pasanno buddhasāsane. Adhigacche padaṃ santaṃ, saṅkhārūpasamaṃ sukhaṃ.

第節 22

382. Yo have daharo bhikkhu, yuñjati buddhasāsane. So imaṃ lokaṃ pabhāseti, abbhā muttova candimā.

第節 23

背景介紹

本章屬於巴利《法句經》(小部,巴利三藏)〈比丘品〉,第360–382偈。這些偈頌宣說於舍衛城的祇園精舍,源起於多次與僧眾相關的因緣:佛陀糾正行為上的過失,讚歎德行清淨的修行者,並開示禪修的日常規範。第360–361偈是對五位比丘所說,他們各自只專注守護一個感官之門,直到佛陀教導他們全面的根門律儀。第368偈是為一位恆常安住於慈(mettā)的比丘而說。第372偈是對祇園精舍中禪修的五百位比丘所說。第382偈讚歎年僅七歲的沙彌須摩那證得阿羅漢果的光明,如滿月從烏雲後顯現,照亮了整座精舍。

關於此經文

作者: Gautama Buddha · Founder of Buddhism · c. 5th–6th century BCE, Northern India/Nepal

Born Siddhartha Gautama in Lumbini, he attained enlightenment and spent the rest of his life teaching the Dhamma across northern India. His discourses (Suttas), preserved orally for generations before being written down in the Pali Canon, form the doctrinal foundation of Buddhism.

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七重感官節制(第360–361偈)

眼根的節制是好的;耳根的節制是好的;鼻根的節制是好的;舌根的節制是好的;身根、語根和意根的節制是好的。在一切方面都有節制的比丘從所有苦難中得到解脫。

舀空小舟(第369偈)

舀空這艘小舟,比丘啊!舀空了水的小舟會快速航行。剪斷了貪欲和憎恨,你將達到涅槃。

禪定與智慧的統一(第372偈)

缺乏智慧的人沒有禪定;不修禪定的人沒有智慧。擁有禪定和智慧兩者的人就站在涅槃的門檻上。

自己是自己的保護者(第380偈)

自己確實是自己的主人和保護者;還有什麼外在的保護者呢?自己就是自己的庇護所;因此像商人馴馬一樣訓練和約束自己。

青年精進的光輝(第382偈)

真實地說,獻身於佛陀教法的年輕比丘照亮了整個世界,如同從密集的雲層中釋放出來的滿月。