Hymn to Mahishasuramardini (The Slayer of the Buffalo Demon)
A celebrated Sanskrit hymn to Goddess Durga as Mahishasuramardini, slayer of the buffalo demon; 21 verses from a 30-verse poem.
Verses
This is the hymn to the Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, contained within the Bhagavati Padya Pushpanjali Stotra.
Verse 1
O Daughter of the Mountain, who brings joy to the earth, who delights the entire universe, who is praised by Nanda (or by the devoted), who dwells atop the great Vindhya mountain, who revels in the glory of Vishnu, and who is extolled by Arjuna!
Verse 2
O Goddess, O Consort of the blue-throated Lord Shiva, who possesses a vast family and who accomplishes immense deeds, victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 1 of the hymn)
Verse 3
O You who shower blessings upon the gods, who subdues the unassailable, who tolerates the wicked-faced, who delights in joy, who nourishes the three worlds, who pleases Lord Shiva, who removes all sins, and who revels in divine sound.
Verse 4
O You who enrages the demons, who brings fury to the sons of Diti, who dries up the arrogance of the wicked, O Daughter of the Ocean, victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 2)
Verse 5
With her sword, she indeed struck down the head of Bidalasya from his body, and she sent the ferocious Durdhara and Durmukha to the abode of Yama with her arrows.
Verse 6
O Mother of the universe, O my mother, who delights in dwelling in the kadamba forest and who rejoices in laughter, who dwells in the midst of your own abode on the lofty peak of the Himalayas, the crest-jewel of mountains.
Verse 7
O sweet One like honey, O Destroyer of Madhu and Kaitabha, O Destroyer of Kaitabha, who revels in the dance of love, victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 3)
Verse 8
At the end of a kalpa, the Lord who is the Supreme Being spread out the serpent Shesha and rested. Then two terrible demons, renowned as Madhu and Kaitabha, appeared. Those who will glorify the destruction of Madhu and Kaitabha, the slaying of Mahishasura, and likewise the slaying of Shumbha and Nishumbha, will attain liberation.
Verse 9
O You who shatter into a hundred fragments the trunks of the mighty elephants that are your enemies, tearing apart their cheeks, O fierce one, who has the power to cleave the temples of enemy elephants, O Lord of the lion (or O lord of beasts)!
Verse 10
O sovereign who strikes down with the rod of your own arm the heads of warriors, cutting them into pieces and felling them, victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 4)
Verse 11
Rising up, the Goddess swiftly approached Chanda on her great lion. Seizing him by the hair, she severed his head with her sword. Then Munda rushed at her, seeing Chanda slain; she felled him too to the ground, struck down in anger by her sword.
Verse 12
O You who bear the irresistible power of the gods that arises in battle against the arrogant enemies, O you who are the foremost in discerning counsel, O Lord of the hosts of Shiva's attendants who are made into great messengers.
Verse 13
O You who have the mind that brings an end to the messengers of the demons who are wicked in action, with evil desires, evil-minded, and sinful, victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 5)
Verse 14
Hearing these words, Shumbha then, on account of Chanda and Munda, sent the great demon Sugriva as a messenger to the Goddess.
Verse 15
O You whose hand grants fearlessness to the heroic and excellent husbands of the wives of the enemies who have come for refuge, O You who hold a trident that clears away the heads of those who oppose the trident placed atop the three worlds.
Verse 16
O You whose fierce splendor is proclaimed by the great sound of the celestial drums beaten in celebration, with the booming "dumidumi" and "dhimidhimi" sounds filling all directions, victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 6)
Verse 17
O You who by the mere power of your "Hum" sound instantly reduced the demon Dhumralochana to a hundred heaps of ash, O You who are the tendril of the Shonitabija that arose from the shonitabija seeds dried up in the heat of battle!
Verse 18
O Shiva! O You who delight in the great sacrifice of Shumbha and Nishumbha, delighting the ghosts and ghouls, victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 7)
Verse 19
Thus addressed, that demon Dhumralochana rushed at her; by her mere "Hum" sound, Ambika instantly turned him to ashes.
Verse 20
O You whose limbs tremble and whose bracelets jingle as you string your bow and prepare for battle in an instant, O You whose arrows of golden hue and brilliant shafts strike down the great enemy chiefs in the midst of the clash.
Verse 21
O You who, having set the entire fourfold army of the battlefield in motion, cause the many warriors to roar and the brave ones to cry out, victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 8)
Verse 22
O You who delight in dance, as the celestial maidens enact the gestures "tatha-ithi tatha-ithi" with their graceful movements, O you who are filled with laughter, charm, and an infinite ocean of love for the afflicted devotees who bow to you.
Verse 23
In the rhythmic sounds "kukuthah kukuthah" and the diverse talas of the gada, with songs of joyous wonder, and in the deep, steady beating of the mridanga drums with the sounds "dhimikata dhikkata dhikatadhimi" — in these you rejoice, victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 9)
Verse 24
Victory, victory to You who are ever triumphant in the chant of "Jaya," who are praised by the entire world intent on uttering your victory, O Lord of beings who are enchanted by the jingling of your anklets, sounding "jhanajhana jhinjhimijhankrita."
Verse 25
O You who delight in the song and drama performed by the master dancers — the half-male, half-female Nataraja and the celestial dancers — in the graceful art of dance, victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 10)
Verse 26
O You who are adorned with lovely, calm, and beautiful flowers, possessing a captivating radiance, O You who are surrounded by the faces of the moon (the night-blooming lotus) that are resplendent like the night.
Verse 27
O You whose beautiful eyes are like the wandering bees, O Lord of the bees that roam among the lotuses, victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 11)
Verse 28
O You who delight in the great battle, amidst the wrestlers who are the most skilled athletes, who are adorned with garlands and whose bodies are beautiful, and who are surrounded by hosts of tribal women of the forest — the Vaallika, Pallika, Mallika, Jhillika, and Bhillika.
Verse 29
O You who are adorned with white flowers and newly blossoming red shoots that are bright and beautiful, O You who are graceful and lovely, victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 12)
Verse 30
O Lord of the mighty rutting elephants whose temples continuously ooze with abundant ichor, O Daughter of the King of the Ocean, who is the very form of the treasure of arts that adorn the three worlds.
Verse 31
O You who are born of the King of the God of Love, who enchants the hearts of beautiful women with your yearning and attraction, victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 13)
Verse 32
O You whose beautiful forehead is adorned with the exquisite, delicate, and spotless beauty of the lotus petal, O You whose playful movements in the arts of grace and charm are like a flock of graceful swans.
Verse 33
O You who are surrounded by a swarm of bees that assemble around the circle of your blue lotus-like eyes and cling to your dark tresses, the cluster of your flowing hair, victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 14)
Verse 34
O You of gentle mind, whose sweet voice from the flute in your hand surpasses the cooing of the cuckoo and puts it to shame, O You who walk in the mountain groves that are charmingly filled with the buzzing of joyous bees.
Verse 35
O You who sport on the ground prepared by the virtues of the great Shabari women who embody your own divine qualities, victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 15)
Verse 36
O You whose waist is adorned with a yellow silk garment, whose brilliant luster eclipses the splendor of the moon (or the fierce sun), O You whose toenails, shining with the shimmering light from the gems in the crowns of bowing gods and demons, resemble the crescent moon.
Verse 37
O You whose firm, lofty breasts eclipse the peaks of the golden Mount Meru and the foreheads of the proud celestial elephants, victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 16)
Verse 38
O You who are praised by the thousand-rayed sun, and again by a thousand suns, and yet again by a thousand suns, O Daughter of the one who created Taraka (the demon) and the son of Taraka (the redeemer), the one who fought the battle of Taraka.
Verse 39
O You who delight in the supreme equanimity that is like the deep meditation of King Suratha, who attained perfect concentration, victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 17)
Verse 40
"O best among merchants, the boon you have desired from me, I grant for your fulfillment; knowledge will arise in you." Thus receiving the boon from the Goddess, Suratha, the foremost of kshatriyas, will take birth from Surya and become Savarni Manu.
Verse 41
O abode of compassion, O supremely auspicious One, whoever daily serves your lotus feet — O Kamala (Lakshmi), who dwells in the lotus — how can that person not become one who dwells in the lotus (i.e., attain the supreme state)?
Verse 42
For me, who constantly practice devotion to your feet alone, which are indeed the highest abode, what is lacking, O Auspicious One? Victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 18)
Verse 43
The one who sprinkles the arena of your virtues with the water of the golden, resplendent celestial river, does he not then experience the joy of embracing the full, pot-like breasts of Shachi (Indrani)?
Verse 44
I seek refuge in your feet, which are the abode of the gods who bow to you, O Auspicious One. O Merciful One, ever grant me peace. Victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 19)
Verse 45
Your pure face, like the moon, outshines all the moons in the sky — how then could he be turned away by the moon-faced beauties of Indra's city?
Verse 46
My firm conviction is this: by your grace, O Lord Shiva's wealth, what is not achieved? Victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 20)
Verse 47
O Umā, O Mother of the universe, it is through your compassion alone that you must have mercy on me, who am humble and distressed, for you are known as the embodiment of grace and delight.
Verse 48
Whatever is appropriate here, may you accept it and remove my great affliction. Victory, victory to You, O Slayer of the Buffalo Demon, O beautiful One with matted hair, O Daughter of the Mountain! (Verse 21)
Verse 49
Thus ends the hymn to Mahishasura Mardini.
Verse 50
Worship Guidelines & Chanting Benefits (Phalashruti)
Daily or auspicious lunar days (Ekadashi, Purnima, Pradosham)
Brahma Muhurta (4:00 AM – 6:00 AM) or Evening Dusk (Sandhya)
Ghee lamp (Deepa), Incense (Dhoopa), Fresh flowers & Water offering
- Peace of mind, spiritual upliftment, and harmonious energy in the home
Background
The hymn is the best-known part of the Bhagavati-Padya-Pushpanjali Stotra, a 30-verse floral offering to the Goddess; the popular 'Aigiri Nandini' verses with the shared refrain are its verses 7 to 27, numbered 1 to 21. It is widely sung as the work of Adi Shankaracharya, but the Sanskrit Documents edition notes that this attribution is incorrect, since the hymn is absent from his complete works, and lists the poet Ramakrishna Kavi as author; the closing verses of the full poem (29-30) name a Ramakrishna, son of Shripati. A portion also appears in the Shivarahasya, part 1, chapter 53, verses 9-21. The poem draws on episodes of the Devi Mahatmya (Markandeya Purana) and is widely recited during Navaratri and in daily prayers, especially in South India.
About this Text
Composed by: Ramakrishna Kavi
Did You Know?
Author & Composition
This hymn is popularly credited to Adi Shankaracharya, but the Sanskrit Documents edition names the poet Ramakrishna Kavi as author and calls the Shankara attribution incorrect, since it is absent from his complete works. It is part of a larger work, the Bhagavati Padya Pushpanjali Stotram, a collection of verses offered like a floral tribute to the Divine Mother.
Structure & Refrain
The poem is structured in 21 verses, each ending with the powerful refrain 'Jaya Jaya he Mahishasura Mardini Ramya Kapardini Shailasute'. This repetition creates a rhythmic chant that honors the Goddess by her titles: the slayer of the buffalo demon Mahisha, the one with beautiful matted hair, and the daughter of the mountain Himalaya.
The Central Battle
The hymn is a dramatic retelling of the Devi's battle against a host of demons. It doesn't just describe the fight with Mahishasura, but vividly recounts her victories over other powerful asuras (demons) like Madhu and Kaitabha, Chanda and Munda, Dhumralochana, Raktabija, and the brothers Shumbha and Nishumbha, showing her as the ultimate protector.
Musical & Dance Imagery
The stotram is famous for its onomatopoeic sound play. It describes the rhythm of the battle with words mimicking the beat of drums (dhimi kita dhikkata), the jingling of her ankle bells (jhana jhana), and even the sounds of her laughter, portraying the Goddess not just as a warrior but as a cosmic dancer performing the Tandava of destruction.
Final Promise of Grace
The hymn concludes with a personal turn. In its last three verses (19-21 of the 21), after recounting her heroic deeds, the poet prays directly to the Goddess, addressed as mother of the universe, for her grace (kripaya), saying that if one takes refuge at her lotus feet, no other boon is needed.
Devi
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