Bharat Devotion
Embroidered artwork for 《大吉祥经》:论至高吉祥之经文: Embroidered Buddha seated in meditation on a pink lotus, with a golden dharma wheel and a white stupa in the mountains

《大吉祥经》:论至高吉祥之经文

经上座部佛教佛陀

《大吉祥经》:论至高吉祥之经文

这是巴利藏《小诵经》中的第五经:佛陀回答一位天神关于至高吉祥的提问,列出三十八种合乎伦理与心性修养的品德。

经文段落

Evaṃ me sutaṃ: ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme. Atha kho aññatarā devatā abhikkantāya rattiyā abhikkantavaṇṇā kevalakappaṃ jetavanaṃ obhāsetvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhitā kho sā devatā bhagavantaṃ gāthāya ajjhabhāsi:
Evam me sutam: Ekam samayam bhagava savatthiyam viharati jetavane anathapindikassa arame. Atha kho anyatara devata abhikkantaya rattiya abhikkantavanna kevalakappam jetavanam obhasetva yena bhagava tenupasankami; Upasankamitva bhagavantam abhivadetva ekamantam atthasi. Ekamantam thita kho sa devata bhagavantam gathaya ajjhabhasi:

第节 1

"Bahū devā manussā ca, maṅgalāni acintayuṃ; Ākaṅkhamānā sotthānaṃ, brūhi maṅgalamuttamaṃ."
Bahu deva manussa cha, mangalani achintayum; Akankhamana sotthanam, bruhi mangalamuttamam.

第节 2

Asevanā ca bālānaṃ, paṇḍitānañca sevanā; Pūjā ca pūjanīyānaṃ, etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.
Asevana cha balanam, panditanancha sevana; Puja cha pujaniyanam, etam mangalamuttamam.

第节 3

Patirūpadesavāso ca, pubbe ca katapuññatā; Attasammāpaṇidhi ca, etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.
Patirupadesavaso cha, pubbe cha katapunyata; Attasammapanidhi cha, etam mangalamuttamam.

第节 4

Bāhusaccañca sippañca, vinayo ca susikkhito; Subhāsitā ca yā vācā, etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.
Bahusaccancha sippancha, vinayo cha susikkhito; Subhasita cha ya vacha, etam mangalamuttamam.

第节 5

Mātāpitu upaṭṭhānaṃ, puttadārassa saṅgaho; Anākulā ca kammantā, etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.
Matapitu upatthanam, puttadarassa sangaho; Anakula cha kammanta, etam mangalamuttamam.

第节 6

Dānañca dhammacariyā ca, ñātakānañca saṅgaho; Anavajjāni kammāni, etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.
Danancha dhammachariya cha, nyatakanancha sangaho; Anavajjani kammani, etam mangalamuttamam.

第节 7

Āratī viratī pāpā, majjapānā ca saṃyamo; Appamādo ca dhammesu, etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.
Arati virati papa, majjapana cha samyamo; Appamado cha dhammesu, etam mangalamuttamam.

第节 8

Gāravo ca nivāto ca, santuṭṭhi ca kataññutā; Kālena dhammassavanaṃ, etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.
Garavo cha nivato cha, santutthi cha katanyuta; Kalena dhammassavanam, etam mangalamuttamam.

第节 9

Khantī ca sovacassatā, samaṇānañca dassanaṃ; Kālena dhammasākacchā, etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.
Khanti cha sovacassata, samanannancha dassanam; Kalena dhammasakaccha, etam mangalamuttamam.

第节 10

Tapo ca brahmacariyañca, ariyasaccāna dassanaṃ; Nibbānasacchikiriyā ca, etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.
Tapo cha brahmacariyancha, ariyasaccana dassanam; Nibbanasacchikiriya cha, etam mangalamuttamam.

第节 11

Phuṭṭhassa lokadhammehi, cittaṃ yassa na kampati; Asokaṃ virajaṃ khemaṃ, etaṃ maṅgalamuttamaṃ.
Phutthassa lokadhammehi, chittam yassa na kampati; Asokam virajam khemam, etam mangalamuttamam.

第节 12

Etādisāni katvāna, sabbatthamaparājitā; Sabbattha sotthiṃ gacchanti, taṃ tesaṃ maṅgalamuttaman"ti.
Etadisani katvana, sabbatthamaparajita; Sabbattha sotthim gacchanti, tam tesam mangalamuttamam.

第节 13

Worship Guidelines & Chanting Benefits (Phalashruti)

Auspicious Day

Daily or auspicious lunar days (Ekadashi, Purnima, Pradosham)

Best Time (Muhurta)

Brahma Muhurta (4:00 AM – 6:00 AM) or Evening Dusk (Sandhya)

Sacred Offerings

Ghee lamp (Deepa), Incense (Dhoopa), Fresh flowers & Water offering

Spiritual Benefits (Phalashruti)
  • Peace of mind, spiritual upliftment, and harmonious energy in the home

经典背景

《吉祥经》(意为“祝福之开示”)是《小诵经》中的著名经文,亦见于《经集》,属于巴利藏《小部》的一部分(为《小诵经》第五经,亦为《经集》第2.4经)。传统上,它被诵念以求祝福、护佑与吉祥,常在南传上座部国家如斯里兰卡、缅甸与泰国的佛教徒的法会、节庆与日常修行中诵读。本经关于道德行为与心性修习的直白教导,使初学者易于领会,也是佛教虔诚文学的核心篇章。

关于此经文

作者: Attributed to the Buddha

您知道吗?

来源

本文即巴利藏中的《吉祥经》(“祝福之开示”)。巴利藏是现存最古老的佛教经典汇编。此经见于《小诵经》第五经,也见于《经集》第2.4经。它是上座部佛教中最广泛诵念的经文之一,常被诵读以求护佑与祝福。

背景

经文始于一位天神(天人)在舍卫城附近的祇陀林拜见佛陀。天神请佛陀开示导向安乐与安稳的至高吉祥,佛陀便以偈颂的形式列出三十八种吉祥。

结构

全经共十二偈:开头为天神之问,其后十一偈为佛陀的回答,每偈皆以叠句“此即至高吉祥”收尾。吉祥的内容从实用的日常建议(如远离愚人、居住适宜之地)逐步递进至道德行为,最终达至精神解脱(涅槃)。

内容范围

三十八种吉祥涵盖广泛:亲近智者、感恩、忍耐、慷慨、自律,以及证悟四圣谛。经文强调,真正的吉祥不在物质之中,而在于符合伦理的生活、心性的训练与洞察。

普遍用途

在佛教传统中,此经常在法会、入宅及吉庆场合中作为护持经诵读。人们常将其背诵,借以培养正念,并带来平安与好运。