Bharat Devotion
Embroidered artwork for 《斯瓦耶》诗篇:论外在仪式与内在虔诚: Embroidered Khanda emblem with a saffron Nishan Sahib flag and marigolds at sunrise

《斯瓦耶》诗篇:论外在仪式与内在虔诚

《斯瓦耶》诗篇:论外在仪式与内在虔诚

出自《十祖书》、归于古鲁·戈宾德·辛格名下的十首萨维耶诗,教导:若无对神的真挚爱慕,仪式、权力与苦行皆无足轻重。

经文段落

oṃ satigura prasādi pātisāhī 10 tva prasādi savaye
Ik Oankar Satgur Prasad || Patshahi 10 || Tav Prasad || Savaiye ||

第节 1

srāvaga sudha samūha sidhāna ke dekhi phirio ghara joga jatī ke sūra surāradana sudha sudhādika saṃta samūha aneka matī ke sāre hī desa ko dekhi rahio mata koū na dekhīata prānapatī ke srī bhagavāna kī bhāi kripā hū taੵe eka ratī binu eka ratī ke 121
Shravag Sudh Samooh Sidhan Ke Dekh Phirio Ghar Jog Jati Ke || Soor Surardan Sudh Sudhadik Sant Samooh Anek Mati Ke || Saare Hi Des Ko Dekh Rahio Mat Ko-oo Na Dekhiat Pranpati Ke || Shri Bhagwan Ki Bhaaye Kripa Hu Te Ek Rati Bin Ek Rati Ke ||1||21||

第节 2

māte mataṃga jare jara saṃga anūpa utaṃga suraṃga savāre koṭa turaṃga kuraṃga se kūdata pauna ke gauna ko jāta nivāre bhārī bhujāna ke bhūpa bhalī bidhi niāvata sīsa na jāta bicāre ete bhae tu kahā bhae bhūpati aṃta ko nāṃge hī pāṃi padhāre 222
Maate Matang Jare Jar Sang Anoop Utang Surang Sawaare || Kot Turang Kurang Se Koodat Paun Ke Gaun Ko Jaat Nivaare || Bhaari Bhujaan Ke Bhoop Bhali Bidh Nyaavat Sees Na Jaat Bichaare || Ete Bhaye Tu Kahaa Bhaye Bhoopat Ant Ko Naange Hi Paaye Padhare ||2||22||

第节 3

jīta phirai sabha desa disāna ko bājata ḍhola mridaṃga nagāre guṃjata gūr̤ha gajāna ke suṃdara hiṃsata haiṃ hayarāja hajāre bhūta bhavikha bhavāna ke bhūpata kaunu ganai nahīṃ jāta bicāre srī pati srī bhagavāna bhaje binu aṃta kau aṃta ke dhāma sidhāre 323
Jeet Phirai Sabh Des Disan Ko Baajat Dhol Mridang Nagaare || Gunjat Goodh Gajaan Ke Sundar Hinst Hain Hayraaj Hajaare || Bhoot Bhavikh Bhavaan Ke Bhoopat Kaun Ganai Nahi Jaat Bichaare || Shri Pat Shri Bhagwan Bhaje Bin Ant Kau Ant Ke Dhaam Sidhaare ||3||23||

第节 4

tīratha nāna daiā dama dāna su saṃjama nema aneka bisekhai beda purāna kateba kurāna jamīna jamāna sabāna ke pekhai pauna ahāra jatī jata dhāra sabai su bicāra hajāra ka dekhai srī bhagavāna bhaje binu bhūpati eka ratī binu eka na lekhai 424
Teerath Snaan Daya Dam Daan Su Sanjam Nem Anek Bisekhe || Bed Puraan Kateb Kuraan Jameen Jamaan Sabaan Ke Pekhe || Paun Ahaar Jati Jat Dhaar Sabai Su Bichaar Hajaar Ka Dekhe || Shri Bhagwan Bhaje Bin Bhoopat Ek Rati Bin Ek Na Lekhe ||4||24||

第节 5

sudha sipāha duraṃta dubāha su sāja sanāha durajāna dalaiṃge bhārī gumāna bhare mana maiṃ kara parabata paṃkha hale na halaiṃge tori arīna marori mavāsana māte mataṃgani māna malaiṃge srī pati srī bhagavāna kripā binu tiāgi jahāna nidāna calaiṃge 525
Sudh Sipaah Durant Dubaah Su Saaj Sanaah Durjaan Dalainge || Bhaari Gumaan Bhare Man Main Kar Parbat Pankh Hale Na Halainge || Tor Areen Maror Mawaasan Maate Matangan Maan Malainge || Shri Pat Shri Bhagwan Kripa Bin Tyaag Jahaan Nidaan Chalainge ||5||25||

第节 6

bīra apāra baḍe bariāra abicārahi sāra kī dhāra bhachayā torata desa maliṃda mavāsana māte gajāna ke māna malayā gār̤he gar̤hāna ko tor̤anahāra su bātana hīṃ caka cāra lavayā sāhibu srī sabha ko siranāika jācaka aneka su eka divayā 628 [sic]
Beer Apaar Bade Baryaar Abichaareh Saar Ki Dhaar Bhachhaya || Torat Des Malind Mawaasan Maate Gajaan Ke Maan Malaya || Gaadhe Gadhaan Ko Todanhaar Su Baatan Heen Chak Chaar Lavaya || Saahib Shri Sabh Ko Sirnaayak Jaachak Anek Su Ek Divaya ||6||28||

第节 7

dānava deva phaniṃda nisācara bhūta bhavikha bhavāna japaiṃge jīva jite jala mai thala mai pala hī pala mai sabha thāpa thapaiṃge puṃna pratāpana bāḍha jaita dhuna pāpana ke bahu puṃja khapaiṃge sādha samūha prasaṃna phiraiṃ jaga satra sabhai avaloka capaiṃge 727
Daanav Dev Fanind Nisaachar Bhoot Bhavikh Bhavaan Japainge || Jeev Jite Jal Mai Thal Mai Pal Hi Pal Mai Sabh Thaap Thapainge || Punn Partaapan Baadh Jait Dhun Paapan Ke Bahu Punj Khapainge || Saadh Samooh Prasann Phirai Jag Satra Sabhai Avalok Chapainge ||7||27||

第节 8

mānava iṃdra gajiṃdra narādhapa jauna triloka ko rāju karaiṃge koṭi isanāna gajādika dāna aneka suaṃbara sāji baraiṃge brahama mahesara bisana sacīpati aṃta phase jama phāsa paraiṃge je nara srī pati ke prasa haiṃ paga te nara phera na deha dharaiṃge 828
Maanav Indra Gajindra Naraadhap Jaun Trilok Ko Raaj Karainge || Kot Isnaan Gajaadik Daan Anek Suambar Saaj Barainge || Brahm Mahesar Bisan Sacheepat Ant Fase Jam Faas Parainge || Je Nar Shri Pat Ke Pras Hain Pag Te Nar Pher Na Deh Dharainge ||8||28||

第节 9

kahā bhayo jo doū locana mūṃda kai baiṭhi rahio baka dhiāna lagāio nhāta phirio līe sāta samudrani loka gayo paraloka gavāio bāsa kīo bikhiāna soṃ baiṭha kai aise hī aise su baisa bitāio sācu kahoṃ suna lehu sabhai jina prema kīo tina hī prabhu pāio 929
Kahaa Bhayo Jo Do-oo Lochan Moond Kai Baith Rahio Bak Dhyaan Lagaayo || Nhaat Phirio Leeye Saat Samudran Lok Gayo Parlok Gawaayo || Baas Keeyo Bikhyaan So Baith Kai Aise Hi Aise Su Bais Bitaayo || Saach Kaho Sun Leho Sabhai Jin Prem Keeyo Tin Hi Prabh Paayo ||9||29||

第节 10

kāhū lai pāhana pūja dharayo sira kāhū lai liṃga gare laṭakāio kāhū lakhio hari avācī disā mahi kāhū pachāha ko sīsu nivāio koū butāna ko pūjata hai pasu koū mritāna ko pūjana dhāio kūra kriā urajhio sabha hī jaga srī bhagavāna ko bhedu na pāio 1030
Kaahu Lai Paahan Pooj Dharyo Sir Kaahu Lai Ling Gare Latkaayo || Kaahu Lakhio Har Avaachi Disaa Meh Kaahu Pachhaah Ko Sees Nivaayo || Ko-oo Butaan Ko Poojat Hai Pasu Ko-oo Mritaan Ko Poojan Dhaayo || Koor Kriyaa Urajhio Sabh Hi Jag Shri Bhagwan Ko Bhed Na Paayo ||10||30||

第节 11

Worship Guidelines & Chanting Benefits (Phalashruti)

Auspicious Day

Daily or auspicious lunar days (Ekadashi, Purnima, Pradosham)

Best Time (Muhurta)

Brahma Muhurta (4:00 AM – 6:00 AM) or Evening Dusk (Sandhya)

Sacred Offerings

Ghee lamp (Deepa), Incense (Dhoopa), Fresh flowers & Water offering

Spiritual Benefits (Phalashruti)
  • Peace of mind, spiritual upliftment, and harmonious energy in the home

经典背景

此十节诗以“托您的恩典”为题,并标注“第十位古鲁”,表明其为第十位古鲁戈宾德·辛格的作品。它们收录于《十祖书》,在《阿卡尔·乌斯塔特》(《赞颂无时者》)的次序中编为第21至30节。此诗不配以拉格,而以萨维耶诗体写成。锡克教徒每日在尼特南晚课中,于《查普萨希布》之后诵读,也在甘露入教仪式中诵念。此诗承接纳纳克及诸位锡克古鲁的教导:唯有与神的真诚合一,而非固定的步骤或空洞的仪式,方能打开解脱之门。

关于此经文

作者: Guru Gobind Singh Ji · Sikh Guru (Tenth of the Ten) · 1666–1708 CE, Punjab & beyond

The tenth and last human Sikh Guru, who founded the Khalsa order in 1699 and composed hymns of valor and devotion including the Jaap Sahib and Chaupai Sahib, later compiled in the Dasam Granth. Before his passing, he declared the Guru Granth Sahib to be the eternal Guru of the Sikhs.

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作者与背景

这些诗句出自被归于古鲁·戈宾德·辛格(1666–1708)名下的萨维耶诗,他是第十位锡克古鲁。它们是《十祖书》中《阿卡尔·乌斯塔特》的一部分,而《十祖书》是与这位古鲁相关的一组著述。它们是每日尼特南晚课所诵的篇章之一,以尖锐批判外在宗教仪式与世俗权力、强调内在对神的虔敬而著称。

反复出现的叠句

各节以相似的结语收尾:若无对至上者(此处称为“薄伽梵”或“吉祥主”)的虔敬,一切世俗成就,无论财富、军队、仪式或苦行,皆毫无价值。第一节(1/21)以“哪怕一丝虔敬也无”作结,以强调唯有对神的爱才有真正价值。

对外在仪式的批判

第十节(10/30)生动列举了歧途的宗教行为:有人崇拜石头,有人在颈间佩戴湿婆的林伽,有人朝东或朝西,有人向偶像叩拜,或崇拜死者。古鲁宣称,这些都无法揭示神的真正奥秘,唯有发自内心的爱(普雷姆)方能导向神圣。

王权的虚妄

第二节(2/22)描述诸王拥有庞大的军队、象群、马匹与宝藏,但指出死亡时他们都赤足离去。第三节(3/23)警告,即便最有权势之人,若无对吉祥天女之主(吉祥主)的虔敬,也将两手空空地走向最终的归宿。

直接呼唤爱

第九节(9/29)明确否定盲目的冥想(闭上双眼、像鹤一样端坐)、在“七海”中沐浴,或沉溺于世俗的执着。末句“凡曾爱者,便已寻得神”,是一句清晰而普遍的邀请,引人从外在形式转向内在的虔敬。

诗体与语言

萨维耶是中世纪印地语诗歌中的一种长四行诗体,此处以布拉杰语的表达方式写成,夹杂梵文词汇以及若干波斯语与阿拉伯语词汇。诗行充满战争、自然与仪式的意象,使批判既生动又平易可感。