Bharat Devotion
Embroidered artwork for 《原人歌》: Embroidered Om symbol above a brass diya, marigolds and a temple spire at sunrise

《原人歌》

《原人歌》

《原人歌》(《梨俱吠陀》10.90)是吠陀中的宇宙原人颂,讲述宇宙原人以自我献祭而化生世界与吠陀。

经文段落

atha puruṣasūktam
Atha Purusha Suktam

第节 1

oṃ tacchaṃ॒ yorāvṛ̭ṇīmahe gā॒tuṃ ya॒jñāya̭ gā॒tuṃ ya॒jñapa̭taye daivī᳚ sva॒stira̭stu naḥ
Om Tach-chham Yoraavreeneemahe Gaatum Yajnaaya Gaatum Yajnapataye Daivee Swastirastu Nah

第节 2

sva॒stirmānṷṣebhyaḥ ū॒rdhvaṃ ji̭gātu bheṣa॒jam śanno̭ astu dvi॒pade᳚ śaṃ catṷṣpade
Swastirmaanushebhyah Oordhvam Jigaatu Bheshajam Shamno Astu Dwipade Sham Chatushpade

第节 3

oṃ śāntiḥ॒ śāntiḥ॒ śāntiḥ̭
Om Shaantih Shaantih Shaantih

第节 4

hariḥ oṃ
Harih Om

第节 5

oṃ sa॒hasra̭śīrṣā॒ purṷṣaḥ sa॒ha॒srā॒kṣaḥ sa॒hasra̭pāt
Om Sahasrasheershaa Purushah Sahasraakshah Sahasrapaat

第节 6

sa bhūmiṃ̭ vi॒śvato̭ vṛ॒tvā atya̭tiṣṭhaddaśāṅgu॒lam 1
Sa Bhoomim Vishvato Vritvaa Atyatishthaddashaangulam

第节 7

purṷṣa e॒vedam̐ sarvam᳚ yadbhū॒taṃ yacca॒ bhavyam᳚
Purusha Evedam Sarvam Yadbhootam Yach-cha Bhavyam

第节 8

u॒tāmṛ̭ta॒tvasyeśā̭naḥ yadannḙnāti॒roha̭ti 2
Utaamritatvasyeshaanah Yadannenaatirohati

第节 9

e॒tāvā̭nasya mahi॒mā ato॒ jyāyām̭̐śca॒ pūrṷṣaḥ
Etaavaanasya Mahimaa Ato Jyaayaanshcha Poorushah

第节 10

pādo᳚'sya॒ viśvā̭ bhū॒tāni̭ tri॒pāda̭syā॒mṛtaṃ̭ di॒vi 3
Paado-asya Vishwaa Bhootaani Tripaadasyaamritam Divi

第节 11

tri॒pādū॒rdhva udai॒tpurṷṣaḥ pādo᳚'sye॒hā''bha̭vā॒tpunaḥ̭
Tripaadoordhva Udaitpurushah Paado-asyehaabhavatpunah

第节 12

tato॒ viśva॒ṅvya̭krāmat sā॒śa॒nā॒na॒śa॒ne a॒bhi 4
Tato Vishvan-vyakraamat Saashanaanashane Abhi

第节 13

tasmā᳚dvi॒rāḍa̭jāyata vi॒rājo॒ adhi॒ pūrṷṣaḥ
Tasmaadviraadajaayata Viraajo Adhi Poorushah

第节 14

sa jā॒to atya̭ricyata pa॒ścādbhūmi॒matho̭ pu॒raḥ 5
Sa Jaato Atyarichyata Pashchaadbhoomimatho Purah

第节 15

yatpurṷṣeṇa ha॒viṣā᳚ de॒vā ya॒jñamata̭nvata
Yatpurushena Havishaa Devaa Yajnamatanwata

第节 16

va॒sa॒nto a̭syāsī॒dājyam᳚ grī॒ṣma i॒dhmaḥ śa॒raddha॒viḥ 6
Vasanto Asyaaseedaajyam Greeshma Idhmah Sharaddhavih

第节 17

sa॒ptāsyā̭sanpari॒dhayaḥ̭ triḥ sa॒pta sa॒midhaḥ̭ kṛ॒tāḥ
Saptaasyaasan Paridhayah Trih Sapta Samidhah Kritaah

第节 18

de॒vā yadya॒jñaṃ ta̭nvā॒nāḥ aba̭dhna॒npṷruṣaṃ pa॒śum 7
Devaa Yadyajnam Tanwaanaah Abadhnan Purusham Pashum

第节 19

taṃ ya॒jñaṃ ba॒rhiṣi॒ praukṣaṋ purṷṣaṃ jā॒tama̭gra॒taḥ
Tam Yajnam Barhishi Praukshan Purusham Jaatamagratah

第节 20

tena̭ de॒vā aya̭janta sā॒dhyā ṛṣa̭yaśca॒ ye 8
Tena Devaa Ayajanta Saadhyaa Rishayashcha Ye

第节 21

tasmā᳚dya॒jñātsa̭rva॒hutaḥ̭ saṃbhṛ̭taṃ pṛṣadā॒jyam
Tasmaadyajnaat Sarvahutah Sambhritam Prishadaajyam

第节 22

pa॒śūm̐stām̐śca̭kre vāya॒vyāṋ ā॒ra॒ṇyāngrā॒myāśca॒ ye 9
Pashoonstaanshchakre Vaayavyaan Aaranyaan Graamyaashcha Ye

第节 23

tasmā᳚dya॒jñātsa̭rva॒hutaḥ̭ ṛcaḥ॒ sāmā̭ni jajñire
Tasmaadyajnaat Sarvahutah Richah Saamaani Jajnire

第节 24

chandām̭̐si jajñire॒ tasmā᳚t yaju॒stasmā̭dajāyata 10
Chhandaamsi Jajnire Tasmaat Yajustasmaadajaayata

第节 25

tasmā॒daśvā̭ ajāyanta ye ke co̭bha॒yāda̭taḥ
Tasmad-ashwa ajaayanta Ye ke chobhayaadatah

第节 26

gāvo̭ ha jajñire॒ tasmā᳚t tasmā᳚jjā॒tā a̭jā॒vayaḥ̭ 11
Gaavo ha jajnyire tasmaat Tasmaaj-jaataa ajaavayah

第节 27

yatpurṷṣaṃ॒ vya̭dadhuḥ ka॒ti॒dhā vya̭kalpayan
Yat-purusham vyadadhuh Katidhaa vyakalpayan

第节 28

mukhaṃ॒ kima̭sya॒ kau bā॒hū kāvū॒rū pādā̭vucyete 12
Mukham kim-asya kau baahu Kaav-ooru paadaav-uchyete

第节 29

brā॒hma॒ṇo᳚'sya॒ mukha̭māsīt bā॒hū rā̭ja॒nyaḥ̭ kṛ॒taḥ
Braahmano-asya mukham-aaseet Baahu raajanyah kritah

第节 30

ū॒rū tada̭sya॒ yadvaiśyaḥ̭ pa॒dbhyām̐ śū॒dro a̭jāyata 13
Ooru tad-asya yad-vaishyah Padbhyaam shoodro ajaayata

第节 31

ca॒ndramā॒ mana̭so jā॒taḥ cakṣoḥ॒ sūryo̭ ajāyata
Chandramaa manaso jaatah Chakshoh sooryo ajaayata

第节 32

mukhā॒dindra̭ścā॒gniśca̭ prā॒ṇādvā॒yura̭jāyata 14
Mukhaad-indrash-chaagnish-cha Praanaad-vaayur-ajaayata

第节 33

nābhyā̭ āsīda॒ntari̭kṣam śī॒rṣṇo dyauḥ sama̭vartata
Naabhyaa aaseed-antariksham Sheershno dyauh samavartata

第节 34

pa॒dbhyāṃ bhūmi॒rdiśaḥ॒ śrotrā᳚t tathā̭ lo॒kām̐ a̭kalpayan 15
Padbhyaam bhoomir-dishah shrotraat Tathaa lokaan akalpayan

第节 35

vedā॒hame॒taṃ purṷṣaṃ ma॒hāntam᳚ ā॒di॒tyava̭rṇaṃ॒ tama̭sastu॒ pā॒re
Vedaaham-etam purusham mahaantam Aaditya-varnam tamasastu paare

第节 36

sarvā̭ṇi rū॒pāṇi̭ vi॒citya॒ dhīraḥ̭ nāmā̭ni kṛ॒tvā'bhi॒vada॒n yadāste᳚ 16
Sarvaani roopaani vichitya dheerah Naamaani kritvaabhivadan yadaaste

第节 37

dhā॒tā pu॒rastā॒dyamṷdāja॒hāra̭ śa॒kraḥ pravi॒dvānpra॒diśa॒ścata̭sraḥ
Dhaataa purastaad-yam-udaajahaara Shakrah pravidvaan-pradishash-chatasrah

第节 38

tame॒vaṃ vi॒dvāna॒mṛta̭ i॒ha bha̭vati nānyaḥ panthā॒ aya̭nāya vidyate 17
Tam-evam vidvaan-amrita iha bhavati Naanyah panthaa ayanaaya vidyate

第节 39

ya॒jñena̭ ya॒jñama̭yajanta de॒vāḥ tāni॒ dharmā̭ṇi pratha॒mānyā̭san
Yagyena yagyam-ayajanta devaah Taani dharmaani prathamaanyaasan

第节 40

te ha॒ nākaṃ̭ mahi॒mānaḥ̭ sacante yatra॒ pūrvḙ sā॒dhyāḥ santi̭ de॒vāḥ 18
Te ha naakam mahimaanaha sachante Yatra poorve saadhyaah santi devaah

第节 41

oṃ namo nārā̭yaṇā॒ya
Om Namo Naaraayanaaya

第节 42

uttaranārāyaṇam
Uttara Naaraayanam

第节 43

a॒dbhyaḥ saṃbhṷ̄taḥ pṛthi॒vyai rasā᳚cca vi॒śvaka̭rmaṇaḥ॒ sama̭varta॒tādhi̭
Adbhyah sambhootah prithivyai rasaach-cha Vishvakarmanah samavartataadhi

第节 44

tasya॒ tvaṣṭā̭ vi॒dadha̭drū॒pamḙti tatpurṷṣasya॒ viśva॒mājā̭na॒magre᳚ 1
Tasya tvashtaa vidadhad-roopam-eti Tat-purushasya vishvam-aajaanam-agre

第节 45

vedā॒hame॒taṃ purṷṣaṃ ma॒hāntam᳚ ā॒di॒tyava̭rṇaṃ॒ tama̭saḥ॒ para̭stāt
Vedaaham-etam purusham mahaantam Aaditya-varnam tamasah parastaat

第节 46

tame॒vaṃ vi॒dvāna॒mṛta̭ i॒ha bha̭vati nānyaḥ panthā̭ vidya॒teya̭'nāya 2
Tam-evam vidvaan-amrita iha bhavati Naanyah panthaa vidyate-yanaaya

第节 47

pra॒jāpa̭tiścarati॒ garbhḙ a॒ntaḥ a॒jāya̭māno bahu॒dhā vijā̭yate
Prajaapatish-charati garbhe antah Ajaayamaano bahudhaa vijaayate

第节 48

tasya॒ dhīrāḥ॒ pari̭jānanti॒ yonim᳚ marī̭cīnāṃ pa॒dami̭cchanti ve॒dhasaḥ̭ 3
Tasya dheeraah parijaananti yonim Mareechinaam padam-ichhanti vedhasah

第节 49

yo de॒vebhya॒ āta̭pati yo de॒vānāṃ᳚ pu॒rohi̭taḥ
Yo devebhya aatapati Yo devaanaam purohitah

第节 50

pūrvo॒ yo de॒vebhyo̭ jā॒taḥ namo̭ ru॒cāya॒ brāhma̭ye 4
Poorvo Yo Devebhyo Jaatah | Namo Ruchaaya Braahmaye ||

第节 51

rucaṃ̭ brā॒hmam ja॒naya̭ntaḥ de॒vā agre॒ tada̭bruvan
Rucham Braahmam Janayantah | Devaa Agre Tad-abruvan ||

第节 52

yastvai॒vaṃ brā᳚hma॒ṇo vi॒dyāt tasya̭ de॒vā asa॒n vaśe᳚ 5
Yastvaivam Braahmano Vidyaat | Tasya Devaa Asan Vashe ||

第节 53

hrīśca̭ te la॒kṣmīśca॒ patnyau᳚ a॒ho॒rā॒tre pā॒rśve
Hreesh-cha Te Lakshmeesh-cha Patnyau | Ahoraatre Paarshve ||

第节 54

nakṣa̭trāṇi rū॒pam a॒śvinau॒ vyāttam᳚ i॒ṣṭam ma̭niṣāṇa a॒muṃ ma̭niṣāṇa sarva̭m maniṣāṇa 6
Nakshatraani Roopam | Ashvinau Vyaattam | Ishtam Manishaana | Amum Manishaana | Sarvam Manishaana ||

第节 55

oṃ tacchaṃ॒ yorāvṛ̭ṇīmahe gā॒tuṃ ya॒jñāya̭ gā॒tuṃ yajñapa̭taye daivī᳚ssva॒stira̭stu naḥ
Om Tach-chham Yoraavruneemahe | Gaatum Yajnaaya | Gaatum Yajnapataye | Daivees-svastir-astu Nah ||

第节 56

sva॒stirmānṷṣebhyaḥ ū॒rdhvaṃ ji̭gātu bheṣa॒jam śanno̭ astu dvi॒pade᳚ śaṃ catṷṣpade
Svastir-maanushebhyah | Oordhvam Jigaatu Bheshajam | Shan-no Astu Dvipade | Sham Chatushpade ||

第节 57

oṃ śāntiḥ॒ śāntiḥ॒ śāntiḥ̭
Om Shaantih Shaantih Shaantih ||

第节 58

Worship Guidelines & Chanting Benefits (Phalashruti)

Auspicious Day

Daily or auspicious lunar days (Ekadashi, Purnima, Pradosham)

Best Time (Muhurta)

Brahma Muhurta (4:00 AM – 6:00 AM) or Evening Dusk (Sandhya)

Sacred Offerings

Ghee lamp (Deepa), Incense (Dhoopa), Fresh flowers & Water offering

Spiritual Benefits (Phalashruti)
  • Peace of mind, spiritual upliftment, and harmonious energy in the home

经典背景

《原人歌》是《梨俱吠陀》(10.90)中的一首颂歌,属印度教最古老的圣典之一。传统上归于古代仙人(先知),在各种印度教仪式中诵读,尤其在祭祀(雅吉纳)时;部分传统亦将其纳入日常祷告。此颂因其对单一宇宙原人的深刻洞见而备受尊崇:此原人遍满一切创造,社会秩序与宇宙要素皆从其而出。出处标注:《梨俱吠陀》10.90(十六节颂),亦见于白夜柔吠陀本集第三十一章第1至16节。本页所载为带声调标记的夜柔吠陀诵读形式,并加入开头与结尾的和平祷文,以及乌塔拉那拉扬那诸颂。

您知道吗?

出处与地位

此篇《原人歌》(Puruṣa Sūkta)出自《梨俱吠陀》第10卷第90首,是吠陀文献中最著名的宇宙起源赞歌之一,也是后世印度哲学与宗教中“原人”概念的经典源头。

宇宙原人的形象

诗中描绘的“原人”拥有千头、千眼、千足,以超越时空的方式覆盖并同时存在于一切万物之中——他既是一切已生与未生者,又以其四分之三永恒存在于天界,仅四分之一显现为世间众生。

牺牲创世的核心叙事

众神以原人为祭品举行原始祭祀,这一牺牲行为直接产生了宇宙秩序:从祭品中诞生了《梨俱》、《娑摩》、《夜柔》三吠陀,以及马、牛、羊等动物;更重要的是,原人的身体各部分化为了社会四阶层——口生婆罗门、臂生刹帝利、腿生吠舍、脚生首陀罗。

宇宙万物的对应关系

原人的不同身体部位对应着自然与神灵:心月、目日、口生因陀罗与阿耆尼、气息生风、脐生空界、首生天界、足生地界、耳生四方——这一对应体系将宏观宇宙与微观人体紧密联结。

认识原人即得解脱

诗末反复强调“我知此伟大原人,如太阳般光明,超越黑暗”,并断言“如此知晓者,于此世即得不朽;此外别无解脱之路”——将哲学认知与终极自由直接等同,成为后世吠檀多思想的重要先声。